The Internet of Things will not be retired in 2017. From the current market situation, it will continue in 2018. Although the major research units have failed in the outbreak of the Internet of Things in the past few years, the growth continues and the overall trend is quite clear. Although the progress is not fast, the overall trend of the Internet of Things is still moving forward, and the slow application time, the equipment and system supply continue to develop higher performance, lower power consumption, better cost performance technology and products. .
In the sensing component part, in the past, the industry believed that the Internet of Things is to update/enhance the related properties of hardware-like networking objects. However, the definition has been extended again. The meaning of the future Internet of Things is not only the upgrade of networked objects, but Further provide consumers with a different experience from the past.
The Internet of Things has driven the related demand for digital technology. Digital technology has created more possible services and application content. Therefore, the industry should actively innovate and give consumers different experiences from the past. Therefore, the 21st century consumer economic lifeline will For the “experience economyâ€, for example, compared to traditional retail companies, e-commerce revenues such as Amazon continue to grow because of the better consumer experience than traditional stores.
However, if the Internet of Things is mentioned, it is still necessary to discuss the level of hardware components. According to the results of many market adjustments, it is estimated that there will be 50 billion devices connected to the network in 2020, and the sensor is the starting point of the Internet of Things. From toys to smart homes, from production fixtures to poultry creatures, any item or creature can be connected to a sensor and then become part of the Internet of Things.
Zi'an has become the focus of IoT design
From the perspective of architecture, the Internet of Things is divided into three parts: perception, network, and application. In short, it is necessary to have a thing (Things) plus a sensor, and then transmit the data (Data) through the network layer. The cloud, and then further induction and analysis to build more valuable services.
The Internet of Things not only keeps the demand for sensors on the rise, but also causes the types of connected devices to spring up. The devices that need to be connected to the Internet in the past are nothing more than smart mobile devices, laptops, or some sensing devices such as smoke. Test, or the gateway of the home network, but affected by the concept of Internet of Things, in addition to personal mobile devices, the TV in the home must be connected to the network, the light bulb will also be a part of the Internet of Things, the temperature of the air-conditioning will also be Through the network link to regulate, but also shows another focus - security, because consumers will never hope that the connected devices in the home will be controlled by outsiders, so "security" will rise in the Internet of Things The most important part after.
Figure 1: Zian is gradually being valued by system vendors and has become the design focus of the Internet of Things. (Source: gemalto)
The vendors that are currently investing in the development of the Internet of Things regard "Ji'an" as the design focus. Take the global IP giant ARM as an example. After investigating with IBM, the company found that there are two factors in the development of IoT-related applications. To be overcome, the first is that the relevant infrastructure needs to be re-established, and developers must re-deploy the cloud system. However, thanks to the introduction of the public cloud, the barriers in this part have been reduced. Second, security, the Internet of Things must not Decoupling from security, for example, most personal computers must be equipped with anti-virus software, but IoT devices do not have anti-virus measures, which is the most important factor in the beginning of the IoT; if there is no relatively safe system The relevant manufacturers will not be able to make a full consideration.
LPWAN standards and technologies are complete
At the communication level, the demand for low power consumption of the Internet of Things has been strong. The amount of data transmitted by IoT products does not need to be large, but it must be transmitted at a fixed time. Therefore, low power consumption is very important, thus promoting a low power wide area network (Low Power Wide Area Network, The birth of LPWAN) technology.
At present, low-power WAN can be divided into two categories: licensed bands and unlicensed bands; NB-IoT technology is available for licensed bands, while non-licensed bands include LoRa, Sigfox, Weightless, HaLow, etc. Currently, the most popular technology in terms of unlicensed frequency bands is LoRa and Sigfox. Lin Yuxiong, senior product manager of Advantech, said that no matter whether it is in the licensed frequency band or the unlicensed frequency band technology, there is no choice between good and bad, and the transmission distance and operation mode are not the same. The networking technologies used will also vary.
Figure 2: Communication is an important part of the IoT system. The communication technologies used will vary depending on the scenario. (Source: Lynda)
Interestingly, most people mention technologies such as NB-IoT, LoRa, and Sigfox, which all intuitively assume that they only have a competitive relationship. For this reason, vendors have adopted a "dual-mode" approach, for example, in leisure places. Among the common electric two-wheelers, the original way of this type of application is to transmit the trajectory, route, or current status of the car to the background through the combination of GPS and 4G network.
However, because 4G technology is quite energy-intensive, such applications have been used in the case of 4G with LoRa technology. That is to say, when the electric two-wheeled vehicle still uses 4G between the walks, when the vehicle is in the state of stopping the traffic light or parking the roadside, the state of LoRa transmission of the two-wheeled vehicle is changed to control whether the vehicle is hit or hit. Stealing, from such applications, it is known that in the future, whether it is NB-IoT or LoRa, Sigfox and other technologies will not necessarily be absolute competition, it should be a long-term relationship, and together can create the expected intelligent life.
The importance of LPWAN technology for the development of the Internet of Things is mainly from the past data collection methods, which are linked with mobile phones/gateways, and then transmitted to the cloud for analysis and processing through the network. Such a method belongs to short-distance network technology. However, if the mode of using the mobile device or the gateway as the intermediate station is too much, the LPWAN type of long-distance transmission technology will replace these intermediate points and directly transmit the data to the cloud for processing. LPWAN technology Not only can a wide range of links, but also a transmission distance of several kilometers, suitable for a wide range of application scenarios; and because of the information collected by the sensors, there is no need for high-speed transmission requirements, so the transmission rate and frequency are not as high as in the past transmission technologies. Effectively achieve the effect of power saving.
Vertical application is becoming more popular
In terms of trend development, the Internet of Things will still be the mainstream of the industry and academia in 2018. The reason why the past development is not as expected is that its system is mainly used in vertical fields such as manufacturing, medical care, transportation, etc. The IT system in the field directly affects the operation process of the organization, and its structure is huge. It must be evaluated again before the introduction, and most organizations have related systems in the past, unless they are new factories and institutions. A new system will be built. Otherwise, its IoT architecture must be gradually introduced with the original e-system. This factor also causes delays in the popularity of the Internet of Things.
However, although the pace is slow, the overall market pace is still moving forward without stopping, and the increasing number of importers will also play an exemplary role in the non-importer, and will also expand the industrial scale of the Internet of Things, so the future Internet of Things The introduction will only gradually accelerate and the industry chain will be more complete.
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