Since last year, Germany, a major manufacturing country, has launched a national strategy called “Industry 4.0â€, which has attracted worldwide attention. Germany hopes to apply Internet technology in all aspects of Industry 4.0, visualize the connection between digital information and the real society, and integrate the production process and management process to produce intelligent products.
Question 1: Why is 4.0?
Let us first review the main features of the previous industrial revolutions.
1.0: The first industrial revolution began in the late 18th century in the United Kingdom and ended in the mid-19th century. The result of this industrial revolution is that mechanical production has replaced manual labor. The economic society has shifted from agriculture and handicrafts to a model of industrial and mechanical manufacturing that drives economic development.
2.0: The second major change in the industrial sector took place in the early 20th century, forming the stage of production line production. Through the successful separation of parts production and product assembly, a new model for mass production of products has been created.
3.0: After the 1970s, as electronic engineering and information technology were enriched into industrial processes, production optimization was achieved. The third industrial revolution began with a high degree of automation of the production process that took place during the second industrial revolution. Since then, machinery has been able to gradually replace human work.
4.0: In the next 10 years, Industry 4.0 will determine the manufacturing process through network technology and realize real-time automated management.
From this we can see that the difference between 1.0 and 2.0, or the difference between 2.0 and 3.0, the difference between 3.0 and 4.0 is not obvious. Although there are various definitions and explanations in the German Industry 4.0 report. However, the author believes that Industry 4.0 is just "the intelligence of the factory."
Just like today's smartphones, it has a variety of uses for photography, video, networking and other applications. Similarly, Industry 4.0 includes systems such as CRM (Customer Relationship Management), PDM (Production Data Management), SCM (Industry Chain Management), PLM (Product Lifecycle Management), CAD (Computer Aided Design), and data processing, which will be dispersed. The aggregate analysis of various information has a decisive impact on the next generation of manufacturing processes.
Question 2: What can Industry 4.0 achieve?
Specifically, in the era of Industry 4.0, in smart factories, management systems such as CRM, PDM, and SCM may all be merged. In that case, the factory will automatically purchase raw materials from the raw material supplier immediately after receiving the customer's order. After the raw materials arrive, they will be given data. "This is the raw material in a certain process for a certain product produced by a certain customer", so that the "raw material" carries information. Raw materials with information also means having their own use or destination. If, in the production process, once the raw materials are misrouted to other production lines, it will return to its own correct production line by “talking†with the production equipment; if the raw materials between the production machines are not enough, the same Production machines can also “negotiate†the ordering system to increase the amount of raw materials; ultimately, even after the raw materials are embedded in the product, it will be easy to trace traceability because it also preserves the path process information.
In addition, the industry 4.0 era may also achieve more advanced features. For example, the equipment can self-disciplined the maintenance period, the remote supervision, operation and management of the production status by the management personnel, and the optimization of resource allocation...
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