Working principle of wireless network card
The network card is a network component that works at the data link layer. It is an interface that connects computers and transmission media in the local area network. It not only realizes physical connection and electrical signal matching with the transmission medium of the local area network, but also involves the transmission and reception of frames and frames. Packaging and unpacking, media access control, data encoding and decoding, and data cache functions. The working principle of the wireless network card is microwave radio frequency technology. The notebook currently has several wireless data transmission modes such as WIFI, GPRS, and CDMA to access the Internet. The latter two are implemented by China Telecom and China Unicom. The former telecommunications or Netcom are involved, but they do not Most of them are own WIFI base stations (actually WIFI routers, etc.) and WIFI network cards for laptops. To say that the basic concepts are similar, data transmission is done wirelessly. Wireless Internet access follows the 802.1q standard. Through wireless transmission, a wireless access point sends out a signal and uses a wireless network card to receive and send data.
According to the IEEE802.11 protocol, the wireless LAN card is divided into a media access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer (PHY Layer) between the two, and also defines a media access control-physical (MAC-PHY) sublayer (Sublayers) . The MAC layer provides the interface between the host and the physical layer, and manages the external memory. It corresponds to the NIC unit of the wireless network card hardware.
The physical layer specifically implements the reception and transmission of radio signals, and it corresponds to the spread spectrum communicator in the wireless network card hardware. The physical layer provides idle channel estimation CCA information to the MAC layer in order to decide whether it can send a signal, through the control of the MAC layer to implement the CCSMA / CA protocol of the wireless network, and the MAC-PHY sub-layer mainly implements data packaging and unpacking. The necessary control information is placed in front of the data packet.
The IEEE802.11 protocol states that the physical layer must have at least one method for providing free channel estimation CCA signals. The working principle of the wireless network card is as follows: when the physical layer receives the signal and confirms that there is no error, it is submitted to the MAC-PHY sublayer, after unpacking, the data is submitted to the MAC layer, and then it is judged whether it is the data sent to the network card. Then turn in, otherwise, discard.
If the signal received by the physical layer addressed to this network card is wrong, you need to notify the sending end to retransmit the packet information. When the network card has data to send, first determine whether the channel is free. If it is empty, it will be sent back after a period of time. Otherwise, it will not be sent temporarily. Since the network card works in time-division duplex, it cannot be received when sending and cannot be sent when receiving. Provide one: schematic diagram of wireless network card circuit.
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