What are the main smart home communication technologies other than ZigBee and WiFi?

OFweek smart home network smart home communication technology is divided into wired and wireless.

The main wireless technologies are: zigbee, z-wave, Bluetooth, wifi, RF, EnOcean, UWB.

Zigbee

Transmission distance 50-300M, speed 250kbps, power consumption 5mA, the maximum number of network nodes up to 65000.

Its characteristics are close range, low complexity, self-organization, low power consumption, and low data rate. The biggest feature is the ad hoc network. Mainly suitable for the field of automatic control and remote control, can be embedded in various devices.

Z-wave

The main players are interconnections, standards, and audits.

Z-Wave is a wireless networking specification dominated by the Danish company Zensys. Although the Z-wave Alliance is not as strong as the ZigBee Alliance, Z-wave Alliance members are already manufacturers of existing products in the smart home sector. The alliance has already With more than 160 internationally renowned companies, the scope basically covers all countries and regions in the world.

Bluetooth

It is a wireless technology standard that enables short-range data exchange between fixed equipment, mobile equipment, and personal area network of buildings (using UHF radio waves in the ISM band of 2.4 to 2.485 GHz). Bluetooth can connect multiple devices, overcoming data synchronization problems. Transmission distance 2-30M, speed 1Mbps, power consumption between zigbee and WIFI. Mainly used in some small smart hardware products.

Wifi

It is a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to a wireless local area network (WLAN), typically using 2.4G UHF or 5G SHF ISM radio frequency bands. Is currently the most widely used wireless communication technology, transmission distance 100-300M, speed up to 300Mbps, power consumption 10-50mA.

RF

It is a non-contact automatic identification technology. Compared with the traditional magnetic card and IC card technology, it has the characteristics of non-contact, fast reading speed, no wear, no environmental impact, long life, easy use and anti-collision function, and can handle multiple cards at the same time. Wireless radio frequency technology conducts non-contact two-way data transmission between the reader and the RF card to achieve target identification and data exchange.

EnOcean

The world's only wireless international standard that uses energy harvesting technology. Passive wireless communication standard. The EnOcean energy harvesting module can collect the energy generated by the surrounding environment and is used to supply EnOcean's ultra-low power wireless communication module. Compared with similar technologies, it has the lowest power consumption and the longest transmission distance. It can be networked and supports functions such as relaying. Without batteries, the power required for wireless signals is 1/30 to 1/100 of that of ZigBee. Mainly used in some wireless passive smart home and smart building products.

UWB

It is a carrierless communication technology that uses nanosecond to picosecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data. By transmitting very low-power signals over a wide spectrum, UWB can achieve data transfer rates of hundreds of Mbit/s to several Gbit/s in a range of about 10 meters. Strong anti-interference performance, high transmission rate, large system capacity and very low transmission power. Low transmit power greatly extends system power operation time. The impact of electromagnetic radiation on the human body will also be very small, with a wide range of applications.

Smart home wired communication technology mainly includes: RS485, RS232, Modbus, KNX.

RS485

Also known as TIA-485-A, ANSI/TIA/EIA-485 or TIA/EIA-485. It is a standard that defines the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers in balanced digital multi-point systems and is defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association and the Electronics Industry Alliance. Digital communication networks using this standard can efficiently transmit signals under long-distance conditions and in environments with large electronic noise. This makes it possible to configure inexpensive local networks and multidrop communication links.

RS485 has two-wire and four-wire two wiring, four-wire system can only achieve point-to-point communication, is rarely used, and more used is a two-wire system wiring, this wiring method for the bus topology, in Up to 32 nodes can be attached to the same bus.

Many mainstream wired smart home manufacturers use the RS485 protocol.

RS232

One of the communication interfaces on the personal computer, the asynchronous transmission standard interface developed by the Electronics Industry Association. Usually the interface appears in 9 pins (DB-9) or 25 pins (DB-25). There are two sets of RS-232 interfaces on a typical personal computer, called COM1 and COM2. Many old computer interfaces use this communication protocol. A few smart home products use this protocol.

Modbus

Invented by Modicon in 1979, it is the world's first bus protocol that is truly used in industrial sites.

The ModBus network is an industrial communication system that consists of programmable controllers and computers with intelligent terminals connected through public lines or local dedicated lines. Can be applied to various data acquisition and process monitoring. There is only one host and all communications are sent by him. Supports as many as 247 remote slave controllers, but the actual number of slaves supported is determined by the communication device used. With this system, each PC can exchange information with the central host without affecting the PCs performing their own control tasks.

KNX

The KNX bus is a system that is independent of the manufacturer and application area. Connect to KNX media via all bus devices (these media include twisted pair, radio frequency, power line or IP/Ethernet) which can exchange information. Bus devices can be sensors or actuators for controlling building management devices such as lighting, shading/louvers, security systems, energy management, heating, ventilation, air conditioning systems, signal and monitoring systems, service interfaces, and building control systems. Large appliances. All these functions can control, monitor and send signals through a unified system. No additional control center is required.


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