The growing market of cordless power tools
Previously, cordless power tools were mainly used by professionals, but now, as more and more consumers choose to automate some simple tasks. For example, at home decoration, many people will DIY according to their own preferences. Many tools are often used at this time, including hand tools and power tools, and most consumers will choose power tools in the hope of finding an easy-to-use, portable, and safer power tool. Cordless power tools can meet these needs because they are battery-powered and compact, making them a good helper at home. Moreover, the sharp rise in the real estate market and the rapid and large-scale expansion of infrastructure in developing countries have also increased the market demand from professional users. As a result, the market for cordless power tools is constantly growing.
Challenges for the next generation of cordless power tools
For a variety of reasons, especially convenience, portability, and security, people are turning their eyes from cordless power tools that are powered from the mains to cordless power tools. Consumers want to be able to use a single battery for a long period of time after charging, and to ensure long-term reliable operation in a variety of environments while requiring continuous reduction in tool weight and size. With the widespread use of cordless power tools, there is a growing demand for it. In some cases, many of the requirements interact and compete with each other, which brings about a great deal to the manufacturers and designers of tools. pressure.
Cordless power tools are mainly composed of a charger, a battery pack, an electronic switch, and a motor part. The motor is the hub of each cordless power tool and can convert the battery's electrical energy into the design's tool kinetic energy. Most cordless power tools use brushed DC motors and brushless DC (BLDC) motors. The advantage of BLDC motor is longer life, more powerful, but the cost of the motor is higher and the control is more complicated. The BLDC motor is implemented by a motor drive circuit consisting of a control circuit and discrete semiconductors to form a three-phase inverter. The inverter generates interlaced power signals for proper driving of the BLDC motor.
All cordless power tools need to be recharged, use as much energy as possible from the battery, and then use energy as efficiently as possible. This is a key challenge for tool designers. Advanced lithium-ion batteries help meet long-term operating requirements, but in addition, the right choice of power semiconductors for highly optimized charging adapters, charging circuits, and lithium battery protection circuits can also be achieved.
The use of advanced power MOSFET technology can help overcome these challenges in key functional modules, from battery charging to motor control, and use these technologies to design high-output, longer-life, compact, portable cordless power tools.
Using advanced MOSFET technology to deal with power tool challenges
Toshiba responded to these challenges with the introduction of a new technology for trench LV MOSFETs that specifically addresses the challenging needs of cordless power tool design. For example, Toshiba's U-MOS III MOSFET technology provides a 30V to 250V class MOSFET series with a wide range of wide voltage ranges. U-MOSIX technology can support some of the commercially available 3V to 60V MOSFETs with the lowest on-resistance. In the U-MOSIX series, the maximum RDS(ON) of a 3mm × 3mm 40V package is as low as 2.3mΩ, while the 5mm × 6mm 40V package reduces the maximum RDS(ON) to 0.85mΩ.
Examples of MOSFETs for various applications in typical cordless power tools
As shown above, in a typical cordless power tool, each major component will benefit from high performance MOSFET technology. In the charger, the MOSFET acts as a high-low side switching element. In the battery pack, the MOSFET provides protection and can quickly disconnect the battery under fault conditions. In the tool itself, the MOSFET acts as an electronic switch and is used to form a six-element three-phase inverter that can provide motor drive. The U-MOS and LV-MOSFET series offer a variety of battery voltage options. The above example is for a tool with four or five battery strings and used to drive the BLDC motor. Blue-labeled devices can provide superior performance for high-end tools, while black-labeled devices offer the best price-performance ratio and are ideally suited for cordless tools for the DIY market.
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