The current situation and development trend of LED outdoor lighting in China

LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a solid-state semiconductor light-emitting diode that converts electrical energy into visible light. It directly converts electricity into light with high efficiency, and has a service life of tens of thousands of hours to 100,000 hours. It consists of wafer and epoxy resin, can work at low temperature, and has good directionality of light source. It is used in landscape, safety, special and general lighting fields, and the market potential is incalculable. Today, high attention is the LED outdoor lighting.

I. Analysis of the current situation of LED outdoor lighting in China

The global promotion of low-carbon life, energy-saving and carbon-reducing LED semiconductor lighting has become the "darling" of the times. LED is a new generation of environmentally friendly light source that attracts worldwide attention. Its high brightness, low heat, long life and non-toxicity are called the most developed green lighting source in the 21st century. China's LED lighting industry started in the 1970s and has been developing for more than 40 years. China has now become the world's largest producer of lighting appliances and the second largest exporter of lighting appliances. LEDs, as the leading industry for outdoor lighting in the 21st century, also have shortcomings.

1. Attention at home and abroad on LED outdoor lighting and its application level

In 1998, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan issued the first "21st Century Light Plan", which made the world pay attention to LED for the first time, and its government also stimulated the development of LED technology through financial subsidies, tax incentives and loan concessions. In 2005, the US government launched the "Next Generation Lighting Plan" to implement tax incentives for the LED industry. The large-scale LED street lighting renovation project in Los Angeles promoted the use of LED street lights. In China's "National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan", LED street lamps and other semiconductor lighting products have been explicitly included in the "key areas and priority themes", China's Ministry of Science and Technology also launched the "Ten Cities and Ten Thousands" semiconductor lighting project, three years It plans to install up to a million LED street lights, and Guangdong's “Thousand Miles of 100,000” LED streetlight demonstration project has accelerated. “Guangdong Province LED Street Light Local Standards” has also been introduced, and LED street lamp construction has received strong support from relevant departments such as the government.

LED outdoor lighting is not only widely used in urban landscapes, but also used in tunnels. At present, the highest interest rate is the application of LED street lights. Los Angeles will install 140,000 LED street lights within five years, and the two city lights in Ambry and Sunbury in Pennsylvania will be replaced with LED street lights. LED lights are commonly used in other countries. Japan, South Korea, etc. In China, Dongguan plans to use LED street lights for all three years of road lighting, and Hainan plans to achieve it in five years. The Beijing Olympic Games, the Shanghai World Expo, and the Guangzhou Asian Games have extensively used LED outdoor lighting, such as the main venue of the Guangzhou Asian Games Asian Games venue, and the surrounding roads with a total of 70,000 LED street lights, and 12 surrounding areas of the Lingnan Pearl Stadium in Foshan. The main road, 12,000 盏 high pressure sodium lamps were all converted into LED street lights.

LEDinside Research Department data show that in 2010, the number of global LED street lights will reach about 870,000, of which China's LED street light market will grow by 60% and reach more than 400,000. In fact, China's annual street lamp market demand is more than 20 million baht, and is on the rise. Experts predict that the global LED street lamp shipment scale will reach 8 million baht in 2011, the penetration rate is 8.5%, and China's demand LED in 2011. Street lamps account for approximately 59% of the global market. According to the statistics of the High-tech LED Industry Research Center (LIRC), the installation of LED street lights in 2009-2011 is expected to reach 1.12 million baht. According to this, China's LED outdoor lighting industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and huge market potential, and its development prospects are very optimistic.

2. The current development status of China's LED outdoor lighting industry

(1) Foreign basic monopoly LED patent, less domestic patents

Internationally, manufacturers that are dominant in LED patents include Nic Hia, Toyoda Gosei, CREE, Phi lips Lumileds, and Osram. It is reported that among the relevant patent countries for LED applications, Japan accounts for 27.9% of the world, and China only accounts for 9.34%. The number of patents in China is far lower than that in Japan and the United States, especially in the fields of epitaxy and chip structure in the upstream of the LED industry chain. The number of patent applications is even lower than that of Germany and Taiwan. The emphasis on patents by foreign companies is also reflected in the maintenance. For example, Japan’s Nic Hia tried to monopolize the blue LED market with patents, and used various means to maintain the blue LED market, and it did not sell the successfully developed GaN materials. Or only for sale in Japan.

(2) Foreign LED technology is higher than China

At present, the best developing countries in the LED industry are Japan, the United States, Germany, etc., and Taiwan has a good development. Taiwan's market share is only in Japan, ranking second in the world. Taiwan has beaten Japan with low-priced chips and low-priced products, forcing Japan to develop high-priced chips and high-priced products, and Taiwan seized the opportunity to combine the years of experience to develop downstream packaging, mid-upstream epitaxial wafers and chips. And continue to expand. Even so, Taiwan's LED technology content still has a huge gap with Japan, Europe and the United States. China's mainland is no match, especially in the production and design of LED phosphor materials, packaging technology, ultra-low technical content, as a major country in LED production and demand consumption, the development of China's LED lighting industry still needs to break free, seeking more The opportunity to communicate with foreign countries and the ability to form a standardized brand effect will make the LED outdoor lighting industry go further.

China's LED outdoor lighting technology content is not high, mainly in the material production and design, epitaxial materials, chips, packaging, lamp development and other links are out of line, the upper, middle and downstream industry chain is not in place, and chip development process, chip The core technologies such as packaging are also in a low-level development stage. China's LED industry is mostly concentrated in downstream enterprises with low technical level, small scale, backward technology, lack of independent innovation capability, etc., which also provides extensive development space for China's LED lighting industry technology.

The patent and technology of LED lighting industry has become a "double-edged sword" for the development of LED outdoor lighting in China. The hard-to-break LED patent is welcome. It is gratifying to learn advanced foreign technology through various means. For example, the “Second LED Driver Technology Seminar” hosted by Dabit Consulting in Shenzhen at the end of October will bring valuable learning opportunities to more than 600 companies participating in the conference, because the conference will invite domestically. Foreign experts have made a profound speech and interaction on LED hot topics, such as thermal power dimming and security of LED driver power, which has great development for promoting LED outdoor lighting (core technology lies in safety and heat dimming). enhancement.

3. Obstacles and difficulties in China's LED outdoor lighting industry

China's LED lighting industry can be described as industrial hot and cold market. LED lighting enterprises are developing rapidly, but the scale is small, the quality is uneven, there is no uniform standard, the performance is unstable, the interchangeability is poor, the price is high, the industrial chain is incomplete, etc. This is the factor that restricts the development of LED outdoor lighting. The obstacles and difficulties of LED outdoor lighting in China are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) Technology is not mature

China's LED outdoor lighting technology is still a key factor restricting its development, especially in the instability of its power system, the technology of epitaxial wafers and chips is not mature, the production of LED epitaxial wafers, the preparation and packaging of LED chips are urgently needed to be improved. . At the same time, LED technology is more reflected in system design, structural design, heat treatment and second and third light design. The level of these technologies affects the application of LED outdoor lighting products, and Chinese companies do not master these technologies. .

For example, LED street light shape design, many LED street lights to increase the heat dissipation area, designed to be easily covered by dust, leaves, etc., but not conducive to clean shape, this shape design is more unfavorable for heat dissipation (dust and other coverage to block heat dissipation), while violating Street lights are the choice of landscape elements. The appearance of LED streetlights needs to be simple, stylish and streamlined with a "sexy" industrial appearance, which is still limited by many design techniques.

High-power LED street lamps need a lot of heat dissipation, and the street lamps will reduce the brightness after heating. The maximum power of LED street lamps is now 250W. In fact, heat dissipation is still a major technical breakthrough for LED street lamps.

(2) high price

LED is a new technology product, its outdoor lighting products will be affected by brightness, anti-static ability, wavelength, leakage current, illuminating angle, life, LED chip, chip size, colloid and so on. At the same time, the price of LED outdoor lighting products is also different due to the production of different materials. For example, the colloid of general LED street lamps is epoxy resin, and the price of LEDs with anti-ultraviolet and fire retardant is much more expensive. Because outdoor lighting requirements are relatively high, the price of LED street lights is higher than that of ordinary street lights. Although the various technologies of China's LED outdoor lighting industry will continue to develop, the price of LED street lamps is still a bottleneck restricting its development.

(3) LED outdoor lighting is difficult to promote in general

LED outdoor lighting is supported by government policies, especially the construction of LED street lights, which has allowed it to develop. However, the main parameters such as color temperature, color rendering and glare of LED street lamps have not been determined, and the high price and standard of road surface test methods for LED lighting and LED street lamps have not been formulated, which brings trouble to the overall promotion of LED outdoor lighting.

(4) There is no unified planning for LED landscape lighting in China

Many cities have poor use of LED landscape lighting, mainly due to improper control of their light color, unstable flashing frequency, etc., which makes the night scene dazzling. Improper use of LED landscape lighting products will make the original "night scene" lose its proper style, affect residents' night life and even interfere with traffic.

(5) China's LED outdoor lighting market is chaotic

There are more than 3,000 LED lighting related enterprises in China, more than 2,000 application companies, more than 600 large-scale packaging companies, and 42 extension and chip companies. This is enough to show that China's LED lighting companies have formed a certain scale. With the development of the LED lighting industry, authoritative sources said that in 2010, China's LED lighting output value reached more than 150 billion yuan, which undoubtedly became the scent of LED outdoor lighting companies. Many unidentified small companies have also been involved in R&D and production, but they are not clear about the technical truth. The plagiarism and follow-up “bad habits” have confusing the LED lighting market, and they have produced a large amount of “garbage” products without strict control. Poor quality and low technical content have led to vicious competition in the entire LED industry. However, some companies can really recognize their own technical deficiencies, such as Yi Shenfu (Shenzhen) Electronics Co., Ltd. Zhang Xiaoxiong, deputy general manager: LED outdoor lighting industry in the development of LED street lights is not mature, their companies are still cautious on LED street lights Explore the stage. Dou Linping, deputy secretary-general of China Lighting Association, pointed out that there are three major problems in the domestic LED lighting industry: overheating of the industry, uneven product quality, and deviations in product development and promotion. In summary, the key to the development of LED outdoor lighting in China is not only the breakthrough of technology, but also the overall development of the LED lighting industry, and let the LED lighting market enter the standardization.

In general, the Chinese people's perception of LED is still very low. Although environmental awareness has been strengthened, the awareness of this green energy product is not high. LED outdoor lighting development time is short, product maturity is not stable enough, and lack of brand support, etc., which have become the constraints of the development of LED outdoor lighting products. However, due to the government's vigorous promotion of the application of environmentally friendly and energy-saving products, and the acceleration of urbanization, LED outdoor lighting will enter a period of rapid development.

Second, the development trend of China's LED outdoor lighting

1. New industry, LED outdoor lighting products will be diversified and developed, with large profits

The wide application of LED outdoor lighting will be diversified over time, the products will be more and more abundant, and the application range will be further expanded. For example, Japan attaches great importance to the disadvantaged groups such as the elderly, and has developed various safety indicators such as LED piracy lights, LED linear wall lamps, LED environmental lights, and nighttime lighting.

At present, China's domestic LED epitaxial materials and chips are mainly in the middle and low range, and more than 80% of power LED chips and devices are imported. And if China can break through the patents and technologies of LED, this will play an important role in the entry of China's LED lighting industry into foreign markets, and of course it will bring huge profits.

2. The upstream, middle and lower reaches LED industry chain will be closely integrated and complement each other.

LED outdoor lighting mainly consists of two parts: wafer and epoxy. The LED industry chain structure is divided into upper and lower reaches. The upstream of the LED industry is a chip supplier and a luminescent material supplier. The middle reaches are package companies, and the downstream is LED application companies. Zhang Xiaofei, CEO of Gaogong LED Research Center, believes that the maturity of upstream chip technology will create conditions for Chinese companies to enter the LED downstream application industry. Many companies have turned to LEDs and want to get a piece of it. But for various reasons, many Chinese companies are in the middle and lower reaches of the industry. The profits of the middle and lower reaches of the industry are the thinnest. It is understood that the upstream has about 70% of the profits, and the middle and lower reaches only account for 10% to 20%. Dou Linping believes that the upstream and downstream technologies of the LED industry lack upstream core technology, while the upstream products are technically difficult and have the characteristics of three highs (high difficulty, high investment, high risk), which is a severe challenge to future enterprise investment. If Chinese LED companies want to achieve new and good development, they must work hard to the upstream of the LED industry. The upstream development is good, and the middle and downstream enterprises will also grow. The key lies in the improvement of technology. The complement of this industry chain makes LED development a key. With the maturity of technology and the standardization of the market, the LED outdoor lighting industry chain will be closely integrated and better developed.

3. Wide development space

LED outdoor lighting is not only applied to landscape lighting, street lights, tunnels, etc. In the future, different LED lights can be installed outside the building, outdoor parking lot, gas station, pedestrian street, leisure square, etc. According to different requirements, LED lamp design structure and safety Sex, color and other real life, under the consciousness of independent innovation, will develop a variety of LED outdoor lighting creative products. Looking at social development, people will have colorful LED outdoor lighting in their future life.

4. LED outdoor lighting to replace energy-saving lamps has become an inevitable trend

Although LED still has technical problems, in the future development, LED outdoor lighting as a green light source, replacing ordinary energy-saving lamps has become an inevitable trend.

(1) Enhanced environmental awareness, LED outdoor lighting with energy saving and carbon reduction will become more and more popular

LED has no stroboscopic, no ultraviolet radiation, no electromagnetic radiation, low thermal radiation and other characteristics, and the use of light diffusion technology to eliminate glare, making it a true healthy light source, LED as a new generation of environmentally friendly light source, as a new industry, is optimistic It is unobjectionable. In addition to its long life, energy saving, safety, and environmental protection, LED will also reduce production costs in the long run, and will inevitably replace other energy-saving light sources, such as Gonna lamps, in the near future. It is understood that the annual LED lighting market in China's outdoor lighting is 20 billion, and the street lamp market has a market demand of 400-500 billion annually.

(2) Technology is improving year by year

Experts predict that in the next five years, LED lighting will be popularized in the home field with the improvement of technology (price reduction), which also shows that LED outdoor lighting is also fully applied with the advancement of technology, replacing energy-saving lamps.

(3) Government policy implementation of the use of LED industry subsidy policy

Governments across China support and encourage the use of the LED industry and implement subsidy policies. For example, Yangzhou, Jiangmen, Wuhu and other places to buy LED epitaxial wafers and other equipment, the government has given subsidies of 8 million yuan / Taiwan, while Guangdong, Sichuan, Chongqing and other places have also given the relevant units to use LED funding subsidies, which for China's LED industry Development has a positive effect.

With the development of China's economy, people's awareness of environmental protection has increased year by year, and green LEDs with no ultraviolet and infrared radiation and low heat will be more popular. Experts predict that LED will continue to be the protagonist of the entire lighting industry in the next decade. It is the first in outdoor lighting due to its advantages of energy saving, reliability, long life, diversified light color, simplicity, low pollution and light weight. China has a large population, urbanization is developing rapidly, and road construction is also very fast. There is a great demand for outdoor lighting such as LED street lamps and LED landscape lighting. The lack of Chinese LED patent technology and other factors seriously restrict the development of LED outdoor lighting in China. In the fiercely competitive LED lighting market demand, only by mastering LED patents and technologies can we better guarantee the quality and performance of our products, and let LED lighting products play a guarantee role in real applications. It is believed that with the passage of time, green energy LED will lead the lighting industry, and will also bring people a new experience under the consensus of environmental protection and energy conservation, and create another "bright" future for human beings.

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