In recent years, with the State Grid Power Supply Company continuing to promote the construction of electric vehicle supporting facilities, the construction of charging facilities has experienced an unprecedented and favorable situation. According to the domestic authoritative market research agency Zhiyan Consult and Forecast, by 2020, the charging equipment and basic operation market will reach 84.8 billion yuan and 128.3 billion yuan respectively. Correspondingly, for the bus industry, the construction of charging piles is also in full swing. Most of the bus companies have equipped their own charging pile equipment to meet the normal operation of the company's vehicles. The State Council’s “National Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Strategic Emerging Industries Development†also proposes that by 2020, China will realize the production and sales of 2 million new-energy vehicles that year, with a total production and sales volume of more than 5 million. According to the “13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Developmentâ€, by 2020, China will add more than 12,000 centralized power station and more than 4.8 million distributed charging stations. It is expected that the scale of China's charging facilities market will exceed 100 billion yuan by that time.
Although the rapid development of new energy vehicles and charging piles has been overwhelming, it seems that behind the prosperity, there is actually a problem of “making money difficultâ€. Charging piles can not only change traffic, but also change the way people live. How to break the corporate profit trap will become the key to the healthy development of the industry in the future.
"Greater future" charging pile
In order to meet the needs of the current industry development situation of China's electric vehicles and charging facilities, the national charging pile subsidies have been raised, which has stimulated the construction of charging piles.
According to the “Guidelines for the Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2017-2022)†issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the goal of the development of charging infrastructure in China is to build 12,000 centralized power station and replace 4.8 million charging stations by 2020 to meet National 5 million electric vehicle charging needs. As of October 2017, the total number of public charging piles in China reached 195,000 and private charging piles reached 188,000. According to estimates, the charging pile market will reach a scale of 100 billion, and it will even exceed this expectation.
Shao Ruting, senior vice president of BMW China Service Co., Ltd., said that he will build 6,000 charging stations and charging stations in China, allowing more customers to charge in these charging points. Suning helped customers and special callers, China Putian, Zhejiang Wanma, Sidu Technology and other charge operating companies to sign strategic cooperation agreements, give full play to the strengths of Suning's basic installation and construction, and jointly laid out a charging service network with nearly 5,000 shared charging stations built.
The Didi official said recently that before 2020, Didi will prepare to build a new energy vehicle charging and replacement system, realize the nationwide “pile network†through open cooperation, and call the new energy charging and replacement system being built "Small orange charge."
Charging pile market is mixed
Although the charging pile market is in full swing, the state has also given strong support. However, “making money difficult†has caused many companies to fall into a gloomy situation, which is in contrast with the vigorous development of the electric vehicle industry.
According to the “21st Century Business Herald†report, the three quarterly reports of 20 major charging pile listed companies show that in the first three quarters of this year, there were 8 revenues or profit reductions for listed companies with charging piles. Another company had a loss of more than RMB 4 million in the first three quarters of the year under the condition of rapid growth in sales revenue of its power-selling business in 2016.
At present, the operating income of charging piles mainly comes from service fees, and the electricity prices are cheap. The charging facilities are professional electrical equipment. The high maintenance and operation costs do not bring about profitability. In addition, the underutilization of the charging stations that have been built and the low efficiency of charging operations are also one of the important reasons that cannot be profitable. The centralized charging stations of the State Grid and China Southern Power Grid, because of poor location and operation, are unable to meet the needs of general users. There are a large number of zombie charging stations on the market.
Charging facilities operation services also have problems such as unclear operation subjects, confusion of charging models, and failure to form a complete business model. Many electric car owners have said that they have to pay parking fees for long queues, universal charging cards cannot be used on different platforms, and car piles do not match the charge. As a result, many consumers who buy electric cars are discouraged, and operators have failed. Reach the expected profit goal.
Charging pile future model needs further exploration
Obviously, solving the profit problem has now become a breakthrough point for the future development of the charging pile market. This requires the government and the enterprise to discuss and design together. On the one hand, the government's guidance and strong support are the strong backing for each charging pile operator. On the other hand, operators need to find sustainable development models for profitability.
At present, the profitability of charging station operators is still based on charging fees, charging service fees, and state subsidies. Operators can install LCD screens or advertising light boxes on charging piles to provide advice on advertisements, news, weather, etc. They can also cooperate with car dealers to provide one-stop online services and cooperate with the time-sharing of electric vehicles for 4S electric vehicles Provide data analysis; or build a powerful network of charging piles, including large-scale operators charging piles, private charging piles and public charging piles and other massive information, truly realize the interconnection of people, vehicles and piles. Vigorously develop the private charging pile sharing business and connect private electric piles to the Internet. At that time, electric pile operators, electric vehicle owners, and private stakes can benefit.
The charging pile market still needs a long period of time to complete the infrastructure construction, explore new development models, and establish a market that constantly gives new development connotation and healthy competition and development.
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