Python's 6 essential software features and download methods

Whether you are using Python for rapid development, making native UIs for Python desktop applications, or optimizing existing Python code, these Python projects should be used.

Python has been widely adopted by industry and academia for its ease of use. On the other hand, Python's rich third-party projects—libraries, add-ons, and auxiliary developments—have expanded the reach of the Python language.

Some of these projects, such as PyInstaller and WxPython, provide convenience for Python developers who make desktop and end applications. Other projects, such as PyPy, are used to provide additional power to server-side Python applications. Still others, like PBR, CFFI, and MyPy, work for almost all Python applications, no matter where they run.

If you are a Python developer, all six of these projects are worthy of your familiarity. And all of these projects have released new major releases in recent weeks.

Python essential PyPy

Where is PyPy mainly used?

If you need a faster Python application, the easiest way to do this is through PyPy, the Python runtime and the real-time (JIT) compiler. Python applications using PyPy run an average of 7.5 times faster than with normal Python peers. Unfortunately, PyPy is not well compatible with many of Python's star frameworks. PyPy 5.9 has made significant progress in addressing this issue.

PyPy 5.9 features

The data science frameworks NumPy and Pandas now run on PyPy's Python 2.7 compliant version. Most of the problems with these frameworks come from the interface between PyPy and existing C code. To solve this problem, PyPy 5.9 has improved the CFFI library (see below) and PyPy's Python C API compatibility layer.

Also, in the 5.9 release, PyPy's JSON parser is significantly faster when dealing with multiple JSON objects, especially those that reuse the same dictionary key values.

Where to download PyPy 5.9

You can download the binary version directly from the PyPy website. The official binaries include different CPU architectures for Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. Please note that in order to be compatible with Python 2.7 and Python 3.5, there are different binaries, so make sure you are getting the version that matches the script you are going to run.

Source code and error tracking records on BitBucket.

Python essential CFFI

Where is CFFI mainly used? The C External Function Interface Library (CFFI) provides a mechanism for interaction between Python applications and stand-alone C libraries. Although Python's stock version, CPython, also has its own library to do this, called Ctypes, for Python users, CFFI makes interaction with C libraries easier and easier than Ctypes.

CFFI 1.11 features a small but useful change to CFFI v1.11 that was updated with PyPy. Betas are now available on the upcoming release of Python 3.7, which better supports external error handling on Windows and supports more modern standard types in C, such as float/double _Complex and char16_t and char_32t types. The last two and most important, Unicode encoding is used by default in the C library.

Where can I download CFFI 1.11?

CFFI can be downloaded separately from the Python Package Index or via Python's pip tool: pip install cffi . Source and issue tracking can be found on BitBucket.

Python essential PyInstaller

Where is PyInstaller mainly used? One of the most common questions about Python is "How do I generate a stand-alone executable from a Python script?" PyInstaller has always been one of the best answers to this.

PyInstaller 3.3 features PyInstaller packages Python applications into single-directory or single-file executables, bundles any required third-party libraries, and works with most common libraries and frameworks.

The biggest improvement in PyInstaller 3.3 is support for Python 3.6, since it is really necessary given that Python 3.6 has been released.

PyInstaller 3.3 also includes a more compatible boot loader for Windows executables and extends support for bundled common libraries such as QT, GTK+, NumPy, and Django.

One feature that PyInstaller might add in the near future is cross-packaging, for example, creating a Mac-compatible application on Windows. You need to run the PyInstaller on the same platform you want to deploy, whether it's Windows, Mac or Linux.

Where can I download PyInstaller 3.3?

PyInstaller can be installed via the Python Package Index or via Python's pip tool: pip install pyinstaller . For those who need to compile the bootloader themselves, the source code can be found on GitHub, but for most people it is not necessary.

Python Build Reasonableness for Python

Where is Python PBR mainly used?

Setuptools is the standard Python problem subsystem for packaging Python projects. Managing Setuptools for specific projects can become cumbersome, especially when auto-generating requirements, managing document files, or editing project contributor data.

Python PBR features PBR, short for Python Build Reasonableness, is a library used to manage the Setuptools package in a consistent manner. It automates many of the setuptools packaged settings, such as version number, build author and ChangeLog files, and generates Sphinx-style documents. PBR was originally developed as part of the OpenStack project, but now the content you maintain in PBR has nothing to do with OpenStack.

Where can I download Python PBR?

PBR can be found on the Python Package Index and can be installed with pip, just type pip install pbr. The source code can be downloaded on GitHub.

Python Essential WxPython

Where is WxPython primarily used? Python developers who want to implement cross-platform desktop applications can choose from multiple toolkits. WxPython, a wrapper around the WxWidgets library, uses native UI elements of the supported host platforms, including Windows, Mac, Linux, and other Unix-like operating systems.

Features of WxPython 4.0 Earlier versions of WxPython were abandoned due to their traditional design decisions, making them slower and less suitable. To solve this problem, WxPython developers have made significant changes to the 4.0 branch of WxPython.

The goal is to allow developers to get started with WxPython faster and make the frameworks and applications created through it more efficient and maintainable. However, in order to use WxPython 4.0, any existing WxPython project needs to be modified.

Where can I download WxPython 4.0? The official version of WxPython 4.0 is still in beta. It can be found on the Python Package Index, via the pip install wxpython command. It may be updated several times before it is officially released, and be careful to check for updates frequently.

Those who want to crack directly can view the codebase on GitHub. Note that the 4.0 branch of WxPython is marked with a "Phoenix" code to make it different from earlier versions.

Python essential Mypy

Where is Mypy mainly used? Python's dynamics are both a gospel and an annoyance, great for building software quickly, but not great when code is difficult to reason, test, and debug. Mypy adds static type checking to Python at compile time, making Python programs more consistent and maintainable without increasing runtime overhead.

The Mypy 0.530 feature Mypy 0.530 adds support for different protocols, which are currently experimental types of features for Python subclasses. It also adds the "TypedDict" type to a dictionary that only contains objects of a particular type, and the option to perform stricter type checking on files one by one.

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