A breakthrough in solid-state batteries, Benz's evaluation of SiC drive inverters

A few months ago, at the European "PCIM Europe 2018" (2018 Nuremberg Power Electronics System and Components Exhibition), Alexander Nisch of Daimler gave a speech. The content is based on the collection published in the IEEE conference. Part.

Remarks: The 400/800V revolution may be faster than we think. Infineon’s document says that the main driving force of electric vehicles is personally divided into battery cell technology, power electronics technology, and software and system integration technology. , From 2020, it is possible that power electronics will take electric cars for a while, and then look at the breakthrough of solid-state batteries.

Closer to home Excerpt from "Effects of a SiC TMOSFET tractions inverters on the electric vehicle drivetrain"

The output power density of the inverter tends to increase year by year. While maintaining the 400 V DC voltage, the smaller the volume and the larger the output current, the output power density is therefore improved.

The volume of the inverter in 2009 was 4.1 L, and the maximum output current of a single phase was 215 A

In 2012, the maximum output current under the same 3L volume reached 240A

Reached 3.8 liters and 325 A in 2014

In 2016, the current was increased to 300A with the same volume of 3.3 liters

The output power density was 1.6 times that of 2009 in 2012, 1.75 times in 2014, and 1.85 times in 2016. This trend will continue to develop, and the power density is a bit like Moore's Law^_^

Assume that the output of the drive system is 240 kW, the switching frequency is 10 kHz, and so on. Compared with the case where the DC link voltage is 400V and the Si IGBT with a withstand voltage of 750V is used, when 800V or 1200V trench MOSFET SiC is used in the same situation, the driving energy required by the electric vehicle can be reduced. Percentages.

In the same situation, when 800V or 1200V trench MOSFET SiC is used, the driving energy required by electric vehicles can be reduced by 7.8%

Although the cost of SiC-based power modules is now higher, it is necessary to consider achieving design goals at all levels in electric vehicles. Infineon applies SiC on the Hybridpack DriveTM packaging platform. The main design goals are to increase the system efficiency by 3% to 5%, and evaluate the 1200V prototype (CoolSiCTM) HybridPack DriveTM version of the automotive silicon carbide module, 3 phases (each phase consists of 8 SiC TMOSFET connected in parallel)

Power scalability with CoolSiCTM Technology related with progressive power module design

Hybridpack DriveTM a) based 750V IGBT/Diode b) based 1200V CoolSiC

1) Life

When designing SiC MOSFET chips and modules, this is more complicated. The chip level needs to balance the gate oxide (GOX) thickness of RDSON

Remarks I don’t understand this too^_^

2) Functionality

This is mainly to evaluate the parasitic inductance and capacitance, the corresponding unbalanced current and oscillation

3) Thermal response and switching characteristics

4) Simulation and measurement characteristics

Cost comparison

Here is the cost comparison between 800V SiC and traditional 400V IGBT and 400V SiC. In fact, similar to Model 3, telsa can negotiate a good price with ST. It is very expensive to make a 400V SiC inverter.

From the system level, here is a conclusion that the overall use of 800V SiC devices will have a more cost advantage. SiC MOSFET is more expensive than Si IGBT, and the cost of the inverter needs to be increased by about 20%. The overall efficiency has been improved, coupled with the reduction in the capacity of the battery cells required within the same cruising distance, and the comprehensive consideration of the inverter and battery costs, the system cost can be reduced by about 6%.

When the DC bus voltage is 400 V and SiC MOSFET is applied, the fuel efficiency improvement in WLTP mode is only 6.9%. The increase in the cost of the inverter will exceed the decrease in the cost of the battery, and the system cost will increase by about 3%.

Summary: This subsequent platform upgrade may be the biggest reliance on Mercedes-Benz EQC. The latter will come first. As the time matures, the 800V SiC system will be used for running to reduce energy consumption.

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