The situation and challenge facing China's electronic information industry 4

At present, it is the best time for the transformation and upgrading of China's electronic information industry. The global electronic information industry has entered the era of mobile Internet, creating conditions for catching up countries to catch up. In the past 30 years or so, the electronic information industry will have a huge impact. Change. The past decade has been a decade in which the Internet has achieved tremendous growth. In the next decade, it has been recognized that it will belong to the mobile Internet. Mobile Internet refers to an open-type basic telecommunication network that provides broadband, IP, and other business services at the same time. It uses mobile phones, netbooks, and laptops to browse Internet sites and mobile sites through mobile networks. Multimedia, custom information and other data services and information services. Mobile Internet is the fifth technology development cycle after mainframes, minicomputers, personal computers, and traditional Internet. People are running into this new era. It also represents the integration of five major trends (3G, social, video, and Internet telephony). And the ever-changing mobile devices). The development of the mobile Internet is faster than the traditional Internet, and its size will be larger than most people's imagination.

In 2010, the concept of mobile Internet has completely moved from the altar to life, becoming a turning point in the mobile Internet business. More and more people want to access the Internet at high speed in the process of mobile, get much-needed information, get a new user experience and change their lifestyle. Therefore, the current trend of combining mobile with the Internet is historically inevitable. At present, the mobile Internet is gradually penetrating into all areas of people's lives and work, and various mobile Internet applications such as text messaging, mobile phone ringtones and picture downloads, mobile music, mobile games, video applications, mobile payment, location services, instant messaging, etc., are rapidly advancing. Development is profoundly changing the social life of the information age. After several years of twists and turns, the mobile Internet finally ushered in an outbreak. According to statistics, in 2010 China's mobile Internet users reached 303 million people, China's 3G users reached 47.05 million, China's smart phone shipments reached 30.19 million units, China's mobile phone application store users reached 14 million, and the number of mobile phone application downloads reached 863 million times.

With the rapid development of the mobile Internet industry, the original monopoly giant in the Internet era has also suffered an unprecedented impact, its monopoly status is at stake. In order to seize the ever-expanding mobile Internet market, major companies are actively deploying. For example, Intel announced the launch of an Atom Medfield processor-based mobile phone in 2011, and X86 architecture processors will formally enter the mobile Internet space. Companies such as Apple Inc. and Google Inc., which have grasped major opportunities in the mobile Internet, have achieved great success and are building a new monopoly pattern step by step. In the major reform of the industry's reshuffling, it brings rare opportunities to the backward countries. Who can seize the opportunity to occupy the highest point of technology and industry, who will be the leader of the global electronic information industry in the next decade. China's electronic information industry is facing the best opportunity for leapfrog development, which is almost impossible in the Internet era. In the Internet age, we have fallen seriously behind. In the mobile Internet era, the industry structure has taken shape. The window of opportunity left for us is gradually narrowing. Governments at all levels in China must attach great importance to the transformation and upgrading of the electronic information industry and avoid repeating the mistakes made in the Internet era. .

The profit space of the electronic information industry is constantly being compressed, and the analysis of the survival and death of the companies involved in the transformation and upgrading relationship has represented the highest level of development of China's electronic information industry. The selection data of the top 100 electronic information companies in the past ten years shows that while the company’s operating revenue growth continues to expand, the top 100 companies are mainly The total business income has rapidly expanded from 498 billion yuan in 2001 to 1.5354 trillion yuan in 2010, but the average profit rate of the top 100 companies has always been around 4%, which is nearly two percentage points higher than the electronic information industry. Therefore, China's electronic information industry's average profit margin is only about 2%! In addition, from the ratio of R&D investment to the main business income, the average number of top 100 electronic information companies in the last ten years was only about 4%, compared with about 15% for companies such as Intel and Microsoft in the same period. In more than billions of dollars. Let us see the root cause of the gap.

Due to the lack of innovation capability of core technology products and the lack of development of discourse power, the assembly and manufacture of electronic information products has become the first link in the profit margin. With the constant changes in the internal and external environment of electronic information companies, the profitability of enterprises is gradually decreasing. Judging from the external situation, first of all, it is the country’s macroeconomic situation. China’s recent CPI continues to rise. In July, CPI rose by 6.5%, hitting a new high in 37 months, and the external cost pressures of electronic information companies showed no sign of abating. The continuous appreciation of the renminbi, the continued difficulty in the export of electronic information products, forcing companies to reduce prices, resulting in substantial shrinking profits. Second, with the liberalization of the economy and the development of globalization, there are fewer and fewer geographical restrictions on business operations. Even the most advanced products, as long as there are manufacturing equipment, emerging market countries can also produce most of them. The continuous development and maturation of design and manufacturing technologies have gradually lowered the barriers to entry in the electronic information manufacturing industry. A large number of similar products have entered the market, leading to increasingly fierce cost competition. Thirdly, the intrinsic inherent nature of the electronic information industry determines that the price of a product decreases rapidly over time. At present, various new technologies, new concepts, and new business models are constantly emerging. The pace of product replacement is getting faster and faster, and users are almost overwhelmed. The life cycle of products is constantly being shortened, and the result is that the profit space of enterprises is also reduced. From the internal situation, the cost of labor in our country continues to rise, and the labor cost advantage it had in the past compared with developed countries is gradually shrinking. The rise in labor costs is an inevitable trend of economic development to a certain extent, and this trend will become more and more obvious in the future.

Therefore, China's electronic information manufacturing industry, especially the labor-intensive industries, is facing severe internal and external problems. If companies continue to produce large value-added goods, it is difficult to sustain, so this will force companies to take innovative approaches, increase R & D investment, make products to high-end development, and amortize high costs through high added value. The rise in raw material costs and labor costs must be digested through technological innovation. It can be said that it has now reached the stage where electronic information companies can not be replaced.

The consolidation of China's hardware and software bases has made the transformation and upgrading of the electronic information industry possible. The software industry and the integrated circuit industry are two important branches of the electronic information industry, with a basic and supportive strategic position. Since the "Circular of the State Council on Triggering Several Policies on Encouraging the Development of Software Industry and Integrated Circuit Industry" (Guofa [2000] No. 18) was issued in 2000, China's software industry and integrated circuit industry have entered a period of rapid development.

In the field of integrated circuits, China’s integrated circuit production increased by 11 times in 10 years, accounting for nearly 10% of the world’s total output. Sales revenue has tripled, accounting for 8.6% of the global industry, and supported by a series of major projects. The gap between the level and the international level has gradually narrowed, and the company’s strength has been significantly improved. A number of leading companies have grown rapidly and have become the backbone of China's integrated circuit industry. They have developed a number of excellent "China Core" products with independent intellectual property rights. For example, in the middle and low-end general-purpose IC market, China's IC card has formed an industrial chain system with independent intellectual property rights from chip design, manufacturing, packaging, testing, and application to standards. Its application areas cover transportation, communications, banking, information management, petroleum, labor security, identification, security, and many other aspects. Major design companies include Datang Microelectronics, China Huada, Shanghai Huahong, Tsinghua Tongfang, and Fudan Microelectronics. Their products include contactless cards and contactless cards based on 8-bit MCUs and 32-bit CPU contact types. Cards and contactless cards, RF modules, and radio frequency read-write ICs, and smart tags. MCUs, LCDs, and ASICs for consumer electronics such as home appliances, meters, power supplies, and voltage regulators have formed a backbone enterprise for design and industrialization, such as Shanghai Fudan Microelectronics.

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