Design and application of automotive electronic grounding control switch

In actual use, the shortcomings in performance and technology of the power circuit and accessories of the truck are obvious. To this end, we have developed a multi-function electronic grounding control switch for automobiles, which successfully solved the existing problems.

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The main functions of the grounding switch are as follows: (1) automatically cut off the total power supply when the startup is out of control failure; 2 when the flameout is disabled, the total power is automatically cut off after the electrical appliance is not turned off or the grounding switch is not disconnected for a period of time. 3) After the vehicle needs to be started or the fault is eliminated, the power is automatically reset, the vehicle can be started smoothly, the battery and the starter are protected, and the mechanical equipment (such as a car, a tractor, a generator, a tank, an oilfield working machine, a merger machine, etc.) is realized. ) Automatic control of the power circuit.

Practice has proved that the automobile multi-function electronic grounding control switch has the characteristics of high automation, safety and reliability, strong operability, low cost and strong applicability, and has broad promotion prospects. The ground switch has obtained the national utility model patent (patent number ZL2003 20106600.3).

1. The shortcomings of the traditional ground control switch

1) The starting runaway fault often occurs during starting, that is, the pinion of the starter is not separated from the engine flywheel ring gear. The main reasons are as follows: 1 The starting current is large, so that the electromagnetic switch contacts on the starter machine are ablated and pulled, and the maintenance is not timely, the starter returning mechanism is issued due to dirt, causing the starter electromagnetic switch contacts to stick; 2 The oil temperature is low and the viscosity is high (especially in winter), which causes the engine to be heavy at the start, which makes the starter and the engine flywheel ring ring separate. If a startup failure occurs, if it cannot be debugged in time, the starter or battery may be damaged or scrapped, causing serious accidents.

2) Although the mechanical grounding control switch is simple and practical, when the flameout is disabled, it may forget to disconnect the power grounding switch, causing the battery to discharge and lose power, resulting in damage to the battery. In addition, when the battery is restarted, the mechanical equipment cannot work normally due to insufficient or damaged battery.

3) Safety and reliability are relatively low, automatic control cannot be realized, and manual operation is required.

2. Structure and performance of multi-function electronic ground control switch

The multi-function electronic ground control switch is mainly composed of four parts: a) starting out-of-control control circuit; b) electromagnetic relay; c) IC integrated automatic power-off circuit; d) three-terminal voltage regulator circuit, the circuit is shown in Figure 1. The logical structure of each part is shown in Figure 2.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, the starting runaway control circuit a is connected between the starter and the electromagnetic relay b, the IC integrated automatic power-off circuit c is connected to the three-terminal voltage regulator circuit d and the battery, and the electromagnetic relay b is connected to the battery and the starter. Between the machines, the three-terminal regulator circuit d is connected to the battery.

The main performance of the multi-function electronic ground control switch:

1) When the startup runaway fault occurs, the electronic grounding control switch is automatically powered off, so that the starter is no longer operated, thereby protecting the starter and the battery from damage. After the fault is eliminated for 5s, the control switch is automatically reset and the next normal start can be continued.

2) After the car stops running for 10 minutes, the electronic grounding control switch automatically cuts off the power and cuts off the grounding circuit of the car to prevent the battery from leaking. When the vehicle is restarted, the circuit can be automatically turned on by simply pressing the reset button.

3) Load current: 0 ~ 800A / min.

4) Sensitivity: ≤ 1μs.

5) Delay error: ≤ 2%.

3. Advantages of multi-function electronic ground control switch

After the successful development of the multi-function electronic ground control switch, it was put into use on 64 trucks of our company. The practical application proves that the switch overcomes the shortcomings of the existing mechanical ground switch and electromagnetic ground switch technology, and has the following significant advantages:

1) There are many functions, which can control the start failure, and can automatically reset the power, and automatically cut off the power when the machine is stopped;

2) High degree of automation, no manual debugging control, and strong operability;

3) The system device has no leakage, safe and reliable;

4) Simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance;

5) It can work under a variety of working conditions, with strong applicability and good promotion value.

4. Technical and economic benefits

1) Successfully solved the startup runaway failure of mechanical equipment, avoiding the occurrence of personal and equipment accidents, and having strong safety;

2) Reduce the damage and scrapping of the car battery and starter, save materials, and reduce the loss of working hours for replacement and maintenance;

3) Reduce the labor intensity of the workers;

4) Production guarantees are timely.

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