It is irritating for foreign countries to use our well-planned legal provisions to suppress China's emerging industries. However, in the face of external pressure, some domestic enterprises are not related to each other, and the attitude of hanging high is worth reflecting.
At the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games, the dream five rings and starlight programs using a large number of domestic LEDs (light-emitting diodes) were amazed by the fantastic effect. At the same time, a crisis against China's LED industry is approaching.
On August 30, 2008, Ms. Rothschild, a professor of retired chemistry at Columbia University, applied for 11 new companies (5 in mainland China) to be investigated in the LED (337-TA-640) case. These companies have allegedly infringed on US patents No. 5,252,499 (including 22 rights, hereinafter referred to as the 499 patent) owned by the United States, and may face the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) 337 investigation.
This is Rothschild's second attack on domestic companies. On February 20 this year, Rothschild filed a complaint on the same grounds, resulting in 31 companies (four in China) being investigated by ITC. People familiar with the matter said that there were chip makers in the list of companies that were sued for the second time in China, and it was more difficult to respond to the previous package and application companies.
"IT Times Weekly" retrieved from the US patent online search, the 499 patent mainly involved II-VI compound semiconductor materials and their manufacturing methods. Rothschild applied for on August 15, 1988, and was authorized on October 12, 1993. Period to 2010. This time, she filed a lawsuit against the above-mentioned corporate infringement of the process manufacturing method and the doping technology to reduce the impurity (about 4 rights involved).
The ITC's 337 investigation was named after the US Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930. It authorizes ITC to have extensive investigative powers and discretion in the area of ​​import trade. In this case, the plaintiff also applied for a general exclusion order in the bill: that is, if the Chinese company should not sue or lose the case, the relevant products in the middle and lower reaches of the domestic LED industry cannot enter the US market.
In particular, the domestic industry is indignant that although the US complaints also involve global giants such as Samsung, Nokia and Sony, it is actually a trade war that mainly damages China.
Matters
I heard that in the future, I will face endless response, and the huge cost is completely soft. A few days ago, in the office of the chairman of Guangzhou Hongli Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Hongli Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.), Li Guoping, the chairman of the company, was worried about this matter.
He didn't understand what 337 investigated before. He still feels guilty. His own business is not big in China. Why is it a good bird? Maybe he went to the United States to participate in several exhibitions and played two print ads. He guessed.
In February, together with Hongli Optoelectronics, there were three companies in Shenzhen: Chau Ming Electronics, Jiaguang Electronics and Chaoyi Optoelectronics. These four companies belong to the packaging and application enterprises downstream of LED, and the scale is not large. Only Hongli Optoelectronics has more than 1,000 employees.
After the incident, the National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance (hereinafter referred to as the Alliance) paid close attention to it, and organized technical experts to carefully analyze the patent. The director of the alliance, Zibo, told this reporter that from a technical point of view, Americans mainly target II-VI semiconductors in patent applications, and currently semiconductor lighting products are mainly concentrated in the III-V material system. In addition, the intake of hydrogen atoms in the III-V material in the specific process is unavoidable, and is not intentionally introduced in the lawsuit to reduce the impurity.
Since there is no infringement, domestic companies can fully argue. However, from similar cases in other industries, most Chinese companies have adopted an avoidance attitude. According to Section 337, if the respondent company should not sue, it will automatically lose the case. It is understood that since 1986, Chinese companies have not been sued in the US 337 investigation, which has led to the closure of export doors for products from multiple industries.
Why do domestic companies not fight the lawsuit in the end?
Zibo explained that the litigation fee for the investigation of 337 is as high as 6 million US dollars (about 40 million yuan). The company must submit a written reply to the investigation notice within 20 days from the date of receipt of the application, and decide whether to respond to the case and close the case. No more than 18 months. It takes a lot of manpower, financial resources and material resources in a short period of time, which is simply unbearable for small and medium-sized enterprises.
On the other hand, the 337 investigation is very harmful. It is a weapon of mass destruction and no less favourable than anti-dumping. An industry insider said that the LED products under investigation are widely used in mobile phones, home appliances and lamps. If the general exclusion order is issued, the impact will be immeasurable. In addition, the 337 investigation does not require the actual damage as the premise, it can be initiated by the enterprise and the individual, and the plaintiff will not be liable for any compensation even if it fails.
According to statistics, in 2007 China's LED products in the international market sales have reached tens of billions of dollars. If the Chinese company should not sue, it will not only lose the US market, but also affect other cities in Europe, South America and other cities. These four companies will respond to the lawsuit and the future of the entire industry.
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What is 5G CPE?
Definition of 5G CPE
CPE stands for Customer Premise Equipment. The so-called front end refers to the equipment in front of the customer's terminal equipment. When we use Wi-Fi, if the distance is far, or there are more rooms, it is easy to appear signal blind spots, resulting in mobile phones or ipads or computers can not receive Wi-Fi signals. The CPE can relay the Wi-Fi signal twice to extend the coverage of Wi-Fi.
What are the benefits of CPE?
Through the following comparison table, it is not difficult to understand the technical advantages of CPE products:
* Currently, the global 5G FWA service is mainly in the Sub-6GHz band, with only the United States and Italy supporting the millimeter wave band.
* 5G CPE integrates the low cost of Wi-Fi and the large bandwidth of 5G, combining the advantages of the two to form a strong complement to traditional fiber broadband.
The relationship between 5G, FWA and CPE
It can be said that FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) will be the most down-to-earth application of 5G technology. FWA business plays a key role in enabling "connecting the unconnected." FWA is a low-cost, easy-to-deploy flexible broadband solution. Compared with wired access technology, FWA has been an ideal choice for deploying broadband in many countries and regions because it does not need to obtain rights of way, dig trenches and bury cables, and drill holes through walls. The development of 5G technology is further promoting the development of FWA.
FWA services (including 4G and 5G) have reached 100 million users. FWA is no longer a niche service; The FWA industry as a whole has been supported by numerous suppliers. Why is that? In the 5G era, 5G CPE receives 5G signals from operator base stations and then converts them into Wi-Fi signals or wired signals to allow more local devices to get online. For operators, the initial user penetration rate of 5G is low, and the investment is difficult to realize quickly; The CPE business can use the idle network to increase revenue for operators, so major operators vigorously promote the development of 5G CPE.
FWA services can be used for both home (To C) and business (To B), and customers have different requirements for CPE devices when using FWA services in different application environments, resulting in consumer grade 5G CPE and industrial grade 5G CPE (similar to home routers and industrial routers).
In 2020, the global market size of 5G CPE will reach 3 million units, and it is expected that in the next five years, the market size of 5G CPE will maintain a compound growth rate of more than 100%, reaching 120 million units in 2025, with a market value of 60 billion yuan. As an important market for 5G CPE, China's 5G CPE market size will reach 1.5 million units in 2020 and is expected to reach 80 million units in 2025, with a market value of 27 billion yuan.
The difference between 5G CPE and other devices
CPE can support a large number of mobile terminals that access the Internet at the same time, and the device can be directly inserted with a SIM card to receive mobile signals. CPE can be widely used in rural areas, cities, hospitals, units, factories, communities and other wireless network access, can save the cost of laying wired networks.
A Router is a hardware device that connects two or more networks, acts as a gateway between networks, and is the main node device of the Internet. Routers use routes to determine the forwarding of data. If it is a home router, it does not support a SIM card slot, and can only receive signals by connecting to optical fiber or cable and then convert it into WI-FI to provide a certain number (several) of terminal devices to surf the Internet.
Industrial 5G CPE is equivalent to 5G industrial routers, and the technology of the two is not very different. On the one hand, the industrial 5G CPE converts 5G network signals into WiFi signals for transmission, and on the other hand, the data received by the WiFi network is converted into 5G network signals for uploading. In addition, industrial 5G CPE generally supports routing functions.
5G CPE trends
According to a research report, after evaluating the products of some mainstream 5G CPE suppliers, many institutions believe that the development of 5G CPE products will continue in two aspects: one is to support mmWave and Sub-6 GHz at the same time; Second, the design will pay attention to humanized operation and installation. The industry development trend will accelerate the demand for 5G in the medical, education and manufacturing industries due to the epidemic, and 5G FWA will promote global 5G CPE shipments.
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